Machine for shaping iron or steel



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. T. ROWLBY. MACHINE FOR SHAPING IRON 0R STEEL.

No. 566,701* Patented Aug. 25, 1896.

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' UNITED STAT-Es JOHN T. ROIVLEY, OF TYRONE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE KEY- PArnNr vries.

STONE AXLE COMPANY, OF W'HEELING, TEST VIRGINIA.

MACHINE FOR SHAPlNG IRON OR STEEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 566,701, dated August 25, 1896. i Application iled .Tune 13, 1896. Seria-l No. 595,441. (No model.)

.To aZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, J oHN THOMAS RowLEY, a citizen of the 'United States, residing at Tyrone, in the county of Blair and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Shaping Iron or Steel, of which the following is a speciiication.

My invention has reference to improvements in machines for converting cylindrical bars into desired shapes suited for various purposes, one purpose being for car-axles. On the 3d day of February, 1891, Letters Patent of the United States No. 445,662 were granted me for improvements in machinery for shaping iron or steel axles. My present invention is an improvement on that machine.

The invention is `illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 shows three views illustratingdirst,

the cylindric bar or blank before entering the machine; second, the appearance of the same when it has passed about half-way through the forming-pass, and, third, the finished axle as it leaves the machine. Fig. 2 is a plan or top view of the machine. Fig. 3 is a front side elevation of the machine. Fig. 4 is an end elevation. of same. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section showing the roller, concave, removable concave die, and formingpass. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 show different positions of the removable concave die-plate.- Figs. 9 and 10 show one of the fastening blocks and wedges, respectively.

The main body of the machine comprises two parts or halves, each of which embraces a flat or horizontal base A., a vertically-placed concave back H2, end housing A for the journal-boxes e, a brace-web A2 at the rear of the concave back and uniting with the dat base, a curved flange A3 also at the rear of the concaved back and joined to the said base, and a bolt-flange A4 on the base at the iront. The back Il2 of these two half parts is concaved on its front side in the form of a halfcylinder,which stands vertically. Each half part is a single casting and constitutes one end of the body, and the said two half parts are joined by the two curved flanges A3, being secured together by bolts a, and the front iiange At by bolts a.

Thus the two solid ends of the body of massive cast metal are separated and joined on a central vertical line crosswise of the concave. This construction of the body results in great solidity and strength and has other advantages hereinafter pointed out. The eylindric roller Chas its journals mounted in the boxes e, which enter sidewise to the seats ein the end housings A. A vertical bar j is in front of each en d housing and coniines the said box and is secured firmly by horizontal bolts j. The vertical wall at the inner side of the end housing has a projecting tongue Z, which curves coincidently with the half -cylinder concave. This tongue is indicated by broken lines in Fig. Il, and the lower end of each tongue may be seen in Fig. 3. A removable concave die-plate N is made in sections, in the present instance ve sections, and has on each curved end a groove Z". (See Figs. 6 to 8, also Fig. 3.) IVhen the die-plate is in position,its grooves Z are occupied by the said tongues l. The back side of this concave dieplate conforms to the shape of and fits against the said xed concave back H2, and the top edge or entrance edge m of the removable concave die-plate fits against a fore plate 7e, which is secured by bolts 7s to front and top of the concave' back. (See Figs. 3 and 5.)

To retain the removable concave die-plate N in position, the top surface of the base at the front is provided with two sockets q (indicated by broken lines) and also with two upward-proj ecting lugs r in front of said sockets. A fastening-block q has on its lower side a boss q2, which latter enters said socket q, while the front edge of the block abuts against one of the lugs fr. This construction makes the fastening-block very stable and iirni. A wedge s is then forced between the said block and the lowermost or terminal edge o of the die-plate. The two blocks g and the two wedges retain said die-plate securely.

In order to remove the sections of the dieplate N when worn out and replace the same with new sections, the two hali:` parts or" the body are to be disconnected by removing the bolts a o.' and separating the said half parts. A new set of section-plates N may then be adjusted to their position on the tongues Z., and then the said half parts again bolted together.

ICO

The described construction of the body in two parts separated on a central vertical line affords theadvantage here referred to. The sections of the die-plate N extend across and cover the-central vertical joint.

The roll C has a swelled middle n, similar to the' roll in the formers of my patent referred to. largements or collars c', similar to those on the roll in the second set of formers of said patent. Thus in my present invention one roller has the two features together which in my said patent are separately placed on two different rollers. This arrangement of the cylindric roller is made feasible and practicable by the construction here shown of diesurface on the concave plate N. The conca vey die-plate N at the entrance end m is straight, (see Figs. 3 and 6,) but a little below said edge the middle swell n', corresponding to the swell n on the cylinder-roll, begins to form. This middle swell has a uniform breadth, but gradually increases in thickness or depth from the starting-point to the center of the concave, .a distance sufficient to cause the axle-blank, inv traversing the pass between the roll and concave die, to be rotated at least once or perhaps moreon its own axis. The center of the concave die-plate is seen in Fig. 7. The middle swell n on the roll and n on the concave serve to reduce the cylindric bar or blank from the form seen in the first View fr of Fig. l to the reduced form y seen in the second viewv of the same figure. Some of the concave die-sections also have at eachend raised formerst, corresponding to the collars 'L' on the roll. These formers commence at the-center section or a little before the center, and continue to the terininal'edge or delivery edge 0 of the last section. From the-center ofv the concave plate N to the delivery edge 0 the middle swell n continues full thickness. The raised formers t" and collars i serve to impart to the axle-blank the reduced shapes at each end,which are the journals, and the parts described all together give the finished axle shape z. (Seen in the third view of Fig. l.) From the foregoing it willbe seen that the die-surface of concave plate N has its first half (commencing at entrance edge m) providedonly with a middle swell n', gradually increasing in thickness and its latter half provided with raised'formers t" and also with the full thickness of middle swell. It is this construction of die-surface that enables the use of one cylinder-roller whichhas on it both middle swell and end collars. It is proper to state 'thatthis machine, like that shown in my patent referred to, requires that the relation of the roll C and concave die-surface shall be such as to form a pass that is Wider at the entrance end than the delivery end, so that as the blank bar of metal traverses this pass it will besomewhat reduced in diameter. A. feed-guide to direct the hot cylindric bars into the pass o comprises two inclined bars t, one at each side, each bar having its upper This roll also has at each end enend secured by afbolt u or other means to the vertical bar j. The lower end of these inclined bars rest upon the cylindric roll. When l the heated blank bar is dropped onto these inclined bars t, it is guided into the pass.

It will be seen that in this machine the cylindric roll is horizontal and the concave dieplate N is at the'vertical side of the roller and not below it, as heretofore. The entrance to the pass is therefore on top or directly above the roller, andthe discharge end of the pass is centrally under the roller. The open pass o thus describes a segment of a circle standing vertically on one of its ends. This arrangement and construction results in practical advantages. One advantage is that the hot blank may be dropped directly on top of the constantly-movingmroller C and rest thereon bodily, and the-rollerbyits movement will carry the hot blank to the entrance of the pass, and as the blank strikes against the edge m of the conca-vev die said blank will be sure to enter the pass in true parallel position. Another advantage which results is that the Weight or gravity of the hot blank assists to carry it downward through the pass and out, and still another. important advantage is that the metallic scale, which drops from the blank inthe processof rolling, will slide out of the pass instead of remaining therein and accumulating, Vas it will do where the concave is wholly below the roller., as, for instance, is the case of` my patent already referred to.A By thus providing for the refuse scale to freely slide outl of the pass o said pass is kept clear of this objectionable debris.

Fromthe foregoing. description the operation of the machine will be understood.

It is necessary to have the die-surface in good condition, andl have therefore provided for renewing this surface by the present construction of removable sections of concave plate N. Vhen the die-surfacebecomes worn so as to be no longer capable of doingY good work, all the sections may be removed andv new ones inserted. As the die-surface of thc plate wears it becomes thinner, and as the roller wears it also becomes smaller. The passthrough which the axle-bar must travelwill thereby become gradually enlarged until it is unsuited for use. To provide for this wear, I make use of a number of thin plates p p. At the outset, when the roller and die-surface are new, several of these plates p, say three or four, are placed under the journalAbox c, and a like number of plates p are placed at one of the vertical delivery sides of said box,

as shown in Fig. 4. Now when the roller and die-surface have worn so as to make the pass o larger than it should be, then the position of the boxes e, and consequently of the roller, maybe changeda little torestore thedelivery end of the pass to the smaller size it had before itwas enlarged; This may be` done by removing one liner-plate p from underthe box and removing one liner-platep from one vertical side ofthe box and placing it at the IOC IIO

other side. This has the effect onthe roller to both lower it and also shift it laterally toward the concave, and thereby reduce the size of the pass 0. This may be repeated as the parts wear by shifting one liner-plate at a time until all have been shifted.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim isl. In a machine for shaping iron or steel axles, the combination of a body comprising a horizontal base, A, two end housings, A', a vertically-placed concave bach, H2, connecting integrally with the said base and end housing, and two central vertical flanges, A3, at the rear of said concave back-said body being divided into two separable end parts on a central vertical line or joint between the said two vertical flanges; said line of separation extending vertically across the said concave back; a cylindric roller placed horizontally and having its journals in said end housings-sai d roller provided with a swelled middle extending entirely around it; and a concave die-plate at the vertical side of the roller and fitted in said concave back and covering the said central vertical j oint therein, as shown and described.

2. In a machine for shaping iron or steel axles, the combination of a cylindric roller placed horizontally in suitable bearings and provided with a swelled middle extending entirely around it; a concave die-plate half cylindric standing on one of its ends at the vertical side of the said roller, and forming a pass whose entrance end is directly on top or above the roller and whose discharge end is centrally under the roller; a base and back supporting said concave die-plate; and inclined bars, t, having their lower ends in close relation with the top side of said roller.

3. In a machine for shaping iron or steel axles, the combination of a cylindric roller placed horizontally and provided with a swelled middle extending entirely around it; a body comprising a base, A, a concave back placed vertically at the sideof the said roller, and two end housings, A', each provided on its inner wall with a projecting tongue, Z, curved coincidently with said concave back; a concave die-plate at the vertical side ofthe roller-said plate provided on each curved end with a groove, Z', occupied by one of said tongues; a fore plate, k, secured to the front and top of the body at the entrance edge of the die-plate; a fastening-block projecting above the top surface of the base and having a boss, q2, on its under side which enters a socket in the base, and a wedge between the said block and the lowernaost or terminal edge of the said die-plate.

In testimony whereof I aitlx my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

JOHN T. ROVLEY. Witnesses J. W. Hown, J. K. RAY. 

